LIS-3353 - FAI II
Created Wednesday 20 October 2021
LIS-3353
Freely Available Art, Knowledge and Culture
read all the FSU rules and follow them...
--or maybe not..
Plan for today
Fair Use
Patent v Copyright (with software)
“Old School” Consumption
We are all creators
Once again, Linux saves the day?
“Intellectual” “Property”
Rewarding creators is a means to an end, not the end itself.
Fair Use (is weird)
(not a right, but a defense)
- Purpose/Character of copying work
- Nature of copied work
- Amount of copied work
- Effect on “value”
+ The “5th” measure. Is it icky or weird?
Patent v. Copyright
PATENT:
Shorter but broader. Covers the IDEA, does not require “copying.”
Therefore, easier to infringe.
COPYRIGHT:
Covers the EXPRESSION OF THE IDEA, technically requires copying (even though this doesn’t always happen in practice)
Easy example in practice
Microsoft owns and controls “Internet Explorer” code,
Apple owns and controls “Safari”
Google owns but then licences “Chrome”
Mozilla has freed “Firefox”
But NO ONE has any ownership over the “browser,” though it would be theoretically patentable
Tech Patents in Practice
CHAOS AND WAR!
Difficult to get if you're a little guy
If you're big they're “easy”--
(the joke is, just add “on a computer” to anything)
So, just buy up tons of them and point them at other companies as needed.
(yeah, a lot of people think this is pretty ugly. e.g. “Patent Trolls”)
Possible and Actual Examples
THEORETICAL:
Matrix Multiplication for death and love
Possible and Actual Examples
ACTUAL
Nintendos “cross” d-pad
Amazon’s 1 click to buy
Apple v Samsung. i.e. RECTANGLES.
CONSUMING MEDIA
Aka You wouldn’t download a car, would you?
(hell yeah, I would)
CONSUMING MEDIA
The ugly truth (to the companies is settled)
It’s not “Pirates v Honest People”
It’s “People who like stuff get it however they can, so convenience wins”
DRM
Old school: Silly because, (encryption wise)
B and C are the same person.
Also
The “Analog hole”
DRM
BUT – if you add on loads of convenience
(and surveillance)
You get, Steam, Netflix, Spotify, etc.
See earlier point about convenience.
NEW SCHOOL:
WE ARE ALL CREATORS
What is copyright LAW doing for us now?
As always, what roles do the middlemen play?
YouTube
Youtube felt the need to restate a fact that was always true:
Youtube is not obligated to host or keep up ANY video.
(also, Youtube is obligated to at least give lip service to “copyright.” What effect has THAT had?)
THE RESPONSES:
- Librarianship (which is sometimes called piracy?)
- Reform
- Clever licenses
THE RESPONSES:
Homebrew Librarianship: The “Good”
Archive.org
Wikipedia
THE RESPONSES:
Homebrew Librarianship: The “Scary”
Sci-hub
Library Genesis
THE RESPONSES:
Homebrew Librarianship: The “Really Scary”
Napster
Bittorrent
Reform
e.g.
Orphan Works
(How to solve Happy Birthday, in theory)
Clever Licenses (GPL)
Linux and the GPL
Stallman and Linus wanted to keep Linux free for everyone. The “natural solution” (and what was used before) was
Freeware
or
Public Domain
Linux and the GPL
Stallman and Linus wanted to keep Linux free for everyone. The “natural solution” (and what was used before) was
Freeware
or
Public Domain
...but lets consider Shakespeare.
Microsoft: the EULA
You can’t sell it
You can’t do anything, blah blah blah
The Linux people figured out how to use these evil powers for good :)
GPL
It’s NOT NOT copyright! (i.e. yep, it’s copyrighted – but with a very permissive license)
- You can copy
- You can give away (or keep)
- You can (technically) sell
- When it comes to you, you can basically do what you want:
GPL
The ONE thing you can’t do (and this what distinguishes it from other open source, MIT, Apache, etc)
IF you give a copy, modified or not, to someone else, you MUST give them all the free rights that you got. You cannot lock it back down again.
Creative Commons
Idea based on the GPL, but with more possibilities. Less precise, but perhaps of use: with ideas like
Attribution
Commercial
Etc.
The real "thieves?"
Consider:
Google
Youtube
Spotify's earlier competitors
The real "thieves?"
Facebook
Tik-Tok
Be Real?
The real "thieves?"
Today:
Github Co-Pilot
Stable Diffusion / Dall-e / Midjourney
When did ANY of the above get permission?
Backlinks: FSU Courses:LIS3353:Raw LIS3353 Slides